What is the menstrual cycle exactly
The menstrual cycle is the recurring process in which the body allows an egg to mature, builds up the lining of the uterus and sheds it again when no fertilization occurs. This does not happen randomly but follows a clear biological rhythm controlled by hormones. The main hormones involved are estrogen, progesterone, FSH and LH. These hormones work together and ensure that the right processes happen at the right time.
1.Menstrual phase
During this phase, the uterine lining that was built up in the previous cycle is shed.This is menstruation. The body makes a fresh start.
More information about the Menstrual phase2.Follicular phase
After menstruation, the building phase begins. FSH stimulates several follicles inthe ovaries that contain egg cells. One follicle becomes dominant. At the sametime, estrogen levels rise, causing the uterine lining to thicken again inpreparation for possible implantation.
More information about the follicular phase3.Ovulation
When estrogen levels become high enough, this triggers a surge in LH. This LH surgecauses the mature egg to be released from the ovary. This moment is calledovulation. The egg can be fertilized for about 12 to 24 hours after release. This is the most fertile period of the cycle.
More information about the Ovulation4.Luteal phase
After ovulation, the empty follicle becomes the corpus luteum. This structureproduces progesterone. Progesterone ensures that the uterine lining remainssuitable for a possible pregnancy. If fertilization does not occur,progesterone levels fall and menstruation begins again.
More information about the Luteal phase